When James succeeded his second-degree aunt, placing the kingdoms under the same ruler for the first time, the Border clans were ethnically cleansed.
The Clan system along the English border was slightly different from that in the Highlands, forged from constant warfare with England, and which lasted even after (roughly) amiable relations were established during the reign of Elizabeth of England and James VI of Scotland). The proper title was (prior to the unification of the two kingdoms) King (or Queen) of Scots. Another example is the title of the Scottish monarch, which is tribal rather than feudal in concept. For instance, one King of Scots, when deciding how the Roma should be integrated into the system, simply declared one of them "Chief of the Egyptians" (Gypsies), effectively declaring them a new Clan. The system ingrained itself into Scottish life and was a referent for delicate matters of internal politics. Several larger Clans could field several thousand warriors. Each Clan operated like an independent principality - for instance, the MacDonalds, who held the title "Lords of the Isles" (i.e., Hebrides) were a great sea power in their own right, and had history been just a little bit different, they could have been an independent power or subjected to the Norwegian Crown. It included the chief, the clan elders, and the clansfolk which were often the tenants of the chief as well. The stereotypical "kilts, bagpipes, thistles, Highland cows" view of Scotland is often referred to as "the shortbread-tin version", after the packaging in which shortbread biscuits/cookies are marketed to tourists.Ī Clan was a tribal network named after its first patron. During World War One, the Black Watch (now part of the Royal Regiment of Scotland, but retaining their name as the 3rd Battalion of it) were supposedly dubbed "the Ladies from Hell" by the Germans for their fierceness in battle. Private schoolgirls (mostly those in North America and a few other places) wear plaid skirts, which are not kilts - they just look an awful lot like them.Ī number of Scottish military regiments use the kilt in their dress uniform ◊, but have not seen action since 1940, not the least because of a very good and nightmare-tastic reason involving mustard gas puddles on the battlefield note.
It is correct to say that the Scottish are British, though, as we'll see below, there's a political debate ongoing over this.Ĭompare Canada, Eh? (more "English" Canadians claim Scottish ancestry than any other) and Norse by Norsewest (the Northern Isles and some of the Hebrides are primarily of Nordic descent and retain a lot of Scandinavian influence, and the Faroese and Icelanders are primarily of Gaelic descent on the female side). Do not call a Scot "English" (ditto for Welsh and Irish people).
Its capital is Edinburgh (appointed as such in 1999, though it had been one for centuries prior to the 1707 treaty), while its largest city is the industrial centre of Glasgow. Historically an independent state, it became part of a personal union with England at the ascension of Scottish King James VI as James I of England in 1603 the crowns were formally merged as the Kingdom of Great Britain by a treaty in 1707. Scotland is the country on the north of the British Isles and part of the United Kingdom.
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